高原驻训空降兵睡眠质量调查及相关影响因素分析

Investigation on sleep quality of the airborne soldiers in plateau training and the analysis of related influencing factors

目的调查高原驻训空降兵睡眠质量状况,并探讨其与应对方式、心理应激影响因素的相关性。方法整群随机抽取空降兵某部312名高原驻训男性官兵作为研究对象,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)调查官兵睡眠状况,采用简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)及军人心理应激自评问卷(PSET)调查相关因素。结果(1)高原驻训空降兵PSQI总分(7.26±2.23)分,检出睡眠问题官兵115人,占36.86%,PSQI各因子中日间功能障碍、睡眠质量和睡眠障碍得分较高,2分及以上分别为120人(38.46%)、113人(36.22%)和113人(36.22%)。高原驻训空降兵应对方式的积极应对因子得分(20.02±7.62)分,消极应对因子得分(11.53±6.24)分,其中经常采取的应对方法有尽量看到事物好的一面(积极维度、32.37%)、寻求业余爱好并积极参加文体活动(积极维度、28.21%)及自己安慰自己(消极维度、24.04%)。高原驻训空降兵PSET分值(50.00±10.01)分,其中心理应激程度较高的有6人(T≥70分,占比1.93%);出现频次较高的症状是对危险的事情保持警觉(11.85%)、心身疲惫(10.57%)、睡眠不好(7.69%)和情绪紧张(7.69%)。(2)有睡眠问题高原驻训空降兵的消极应对因子分高于睡眠良好官兵,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);有睡眠问题官兵的PSET分值高于睡眠良好官兵,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(3)高原驻训空降兵PSQI总分与心理应激、消极应对方式呈显著正相关(r值分别是0.331、0.301,P<0.01)。结论高原驻训空降兵存在一定的睡眠问题,其严重性与应对方式及心理应激密切相关,应有针对性地制定预防措施。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality of the airborne soldiers in plateau training,and to explore their correlation with coping styles and psychological stress factors.Methods The 312 male officers and soldiers of the airborne troops in the high land training were evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale(PSQI),the Simple Response Questionnaire(SCSQ)and the Military Psychological Stress Self-assessment Questionnaire(PSET).Results(1)The total scores of PSQI for the altitude training airborne troops were(7.26±2.23),115 officers and soldiers were found sleep problems,accounting for 36.86%,and the scores of daytime dysfunction,sleep quality and sleep disorders were higher,with 120(38.46%)and 113(36.22%)and 113(36.22%).Positive response factor score(20.02±7.62),negative response factor score(11.53±6.24),which often take the response method to try to see the good side of things(positive dimension,32.37%),seek hobbies actively participate in stylistic activities(positive dimensions,28.21%)and comfort themselves(negative dimension,24.04%).PSET score(50.00±10.01),of which 6 people with higher degree of psychological stress(T≥70,1.93%),and higher frequency of symptoms were alert to dangerous things(11.85%),mental fatigue(10.57%),poor sleep(7.69%)and emotional stress(7.69%).(2)The negative coping factors of officers and soldiers with sleep problems were higher than those who sleep well,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),the PSET scores of the officers and soldiers with sleep problems was higher than that of the those who sleep well,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(3)The total score of PSQI score was significantly positively related to psychological stress and negative response.Conclusion There are certain sleep problems in the altitude training airborne soldiers,and its severity is closely related to the coping style and psychological stress,and preventive measures should be formulated in a targeted manner.