可持续发展理念在2020年东京奥运会的实践及对北京冬奥会的启示

The Practice of Sustainable Development at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and Its Implication for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games

"可持续性"作为《奥林匹克2020议程》确定的三大支柱之一,已成为筹办、举办奥运会的一项硬性要求,也逐渐成为衡量一届奥运会筹办成功与否的重要标志之一。"坚持可持续发展"也是我国申办2022年冬奥会时提出的三大理念之一,通过办奥促进可持续发展与"绿色办奥"理念高度契合,为了更好地推动北京2022年冬奥会成为体育促进可持续发展的典范与引领者,需要认真总结其他奥运举办国家及城市的良好经验。因此通过文献研究法以及与利益相关方的访谈活动等,全面梳理了2020年东京奥运会在可持续性领域的进展及亮点。研究发现东京奥运会关于可持续发展理念的愿景明晰,目标明确;在筹办全过程践行可持续发展理念;积极宣传亮点项目,传播可持续发展理念;构建全面的交流合作机制,促进各界积极参与可持续工作。这些成功的经验对2022年北京冬奥会有着重要的启示意义。北京冬奥会也应高度重视可持续性工作,以冬奥可持续性成果为载体向外积极展示我国生态文明建设成果;加大宣传力度,使更多人理解冬奥对促进城市、区域和国家可持续发展的重要作用,挖掘亮点项目;促进公众参与,吸引更多人参加相关活动。研究成果将可用于指导2022年北京冬奥会筹办、举办实际工作,并以冬奥会举办为载体,推动区域可持续发展,形成大批可持续性成果与遗产,使北京冬奥会成为未来奥运赛事可持续性管理的先进标杆。

Sustainability is among the three key pillars identified by the IOC 2020 Agenda. IOC requires all the hosting cities and organizing committees to set and achieve sustainability targets for preparing and hosting the Olympic Games. Sustainability is also thought to be an important evaluation criteria for the successful Games. "Sustainability" is also one of the three key concepts put forward in Beijing’s bid for 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Committed to the green Olympic Games is consistent with the target of promoting sustainable development by hosting the Games. Beijing 2022 aims to be an excellent example and pioneer of taking the Games as drivers to promote sustainable development. To sum up the good experience of other host countries and cities is thus quite essential before initiating the specific programs. This paper uses the methods of documentation and stakeholder interview to summarize the progress and highlights of the sustainability efforts by the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. It finds out that the Tokyo Olympic Games set a clear vision and objectives for sustainable development;it also implements the concept of sustainable development in the whole process;the organizing committee actively promotes highlight projects and disseminates the concept of sustainable development broadly;by building a comprehensive exchange and cooperation mechanism, it promotes the active participation of all agents and stakeholders in achieving sustainability targets. These successful experiences have important implications for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. The Beijing Winter Olympic Games should also attach great importance to sustainability, take sustainability achievements of the Winter Olympic Games as the carrier to actively display the achievements of ecological civilization construction in China, increase the propaganda of promoting sustainable development of cities, regions and countries through the Winter Olympic Games, excavate highlights, promote public participation and attract more people to participate in relevant activities. The conclusion can be used as an important reference for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and take hosting the Games as a significant opportunity to promote regional sustainable development and form a lot of sustainability achievements and legacies. The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Game should be an advanced benchmark of future Olympic Games sustainability management.