东京奥运周期中国艺术体操集体项目交换难度问题析因与应对策略

Analysis and Countermeasures of the Exchange Difficulty of Chinese Rhythmic Gymnastics Group Exercises during the Tokyo Olympic Cycle

为促进中国艺术体操队集体项目交换难度水平的提升,成功赢得2020年东京奥运会入围资格并取得优异成绩,运用文献资料法、视频分析法和数理统计法,剖析2018年第36届艺术体操世界锦标赛集体全能前8名及中国队5圈和3球2绳成套动作交换难度的差异,深度挖掘我国艺术体操集体项目交换难度存在的不足并提出切实可行的应对策略。结论:(1)交换难度分值对成套动作总分具有显著影响,相对于5圈,3球2绳交换难度分值对总分的影响更大。5圈和3球2绳交换难度分值存在显著性差异。6m、身体难度、视线外和不用手是交换难度使用较多的附加标准,单手接球和穿过绳运用较少。(2)中国队艺术体操集体项目交换难度存在问题为交换难度分值偏低,完成质量不佳,编排艺术性不足。(3)东京奥运周期我国艺术体操集体项目交换难度的应对策略为深入解读评分规则,准确把握规则导向;努力提升交换难度分值,保证交换难度完成质量;合理编排,巧妙设计;高度重视应急预案,恰当处理赛场风险。

In order to enhance the exchange difficulty level of Chinese Rhythmic gymnastics group exercises, win the qualification of 2020 Tokyo games successfully and achieve excellent results, using the methods of documentation, video analysis and mathematical statistics, the paper analyzes the differences of exchange difficulties in five hoops, three balls and two ropes between the Top 8 and the Chinese Team of the group exercises all-around performance at the 36 th Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships in 2018, explores the deficiency of the exchange difficulty of Chinese Rhythmic Gymnastics group exercises and puts forward feasible countermeasures. Conclusions: The exchange difficulty score has a significant impact on the total score of the performance score;compared with the 5 hoops, the 3 balls and 2 ropes exchange difficulty scores have greater influence on the total score;there is a significant difference in the exchange difficulty score between 5 hoops and 3 balls and 2 ropes;six meters, body difficulty, outside the visual field and without the help of the hands are more often used in exchange difficulty additional criteria;catch of the ball with one hand and passing through the rope are less used. Lower difficulty points and poorer execution quality as well as insufficient artistic composition are the problems of exchange difficulty in Chinese Rhythmic Gymnastics group exercises. The countermeasures are to deeply interpret the code of points and accurately grasp the code of points’ orientation, strive to improve the exchange difficulty score and ensure the execution quality of the exchange difficulty, make reasonable arrangements and ingenious designs, attach great importance to contingency plans and properly deal with the risks on the field.