网球精英运动员赛间训练调控影响因素SEM分析

SEM Analysis with Influential Factors of Regulation of Elite Tennis Athletes'Competition Status

为定量解释精英运动员重大比赛期间竞技状态显性和隐性影响因素间相互关系,运用文献资料、层次分析、模糊评价、数理统计等研究方法,基于国家队、省市运动队295名网球教练员、运动员调研数据,提出精英网球运动员重大比赛期间竞技状态影响因素假设命题,再引入SEM概念模型,对假设命题进行验证。结果表明(1)竞技状态SEM概念模型中,体能训练整合度、技能训练整合度、心智训练整合度、适应度与保障度可作为隐性自变量,且均对竞技状态因变量有正向影响作用,H1、H2、H3、H4假设命题得到验证;(2)经SEM检验,依影响因素权重,精英网球运动员赛间竞技状态调控依次表现为技能训练整合度、心智训练整合度、体能训练整合度、适应度与保障度;(3)精英网球运动员的参赛表现,虽主要取决于竞技训练因子,但对于适应度与保障度中自然环境、社会环境和规程规则等非训练因子,同样不容忽视。

At present,in the process of international movement of scientific training,the topic of improvement of the athlete's competition status was an important issue.In order to quantitatively interpret the relationship between explicit and implicit competition status influential factors during major sports competitions,four hypothesises about influential factors of regulation of elite tennis athletes'competition status were introduced,and SEM conceptual model was introduced to verify the hypothesises subsequently based on the data of the 295 subjects questionnaires.The results showed that,firstly,in the SEM conceptual model,four integrations(physical training,technique and tactics training,mentality training and adaption guarantee)could be viewed as independent latent variables that all posed on positive effects on elite athletes'competition status.Hence,four hypothesizes had been verified.Secondly,according to the weighting of influential factors,the four integrations were successively named as technique and tactics training,mentality training,physical training and adaption guarantee by SEM testing.Thirdly,among all the influential factors to elite athletes'competition status,the top three influential factors were integration of technique and tactics training,mentality training,physical training.However,the last one influential factor,named as adaption guarantee integration could not be ignored alike,otherwise,it would be the key to the outcome of the game.