新疆稻区优质丰产水稻品种筛选与评价

Screening and Evaluation of High-quality and High-yield Rice Varieties in Xinjiang Rice Zone

【目的】筛选出适宜新疆稻区种植的优质丰产水稻品种。【方法】以16份水稻品种为供试材料,通过品种比较和主成分分析,综合评价不同水稻品种在生长发育、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、产量及品质性状之间的差异。【结果】供试16份水稻品种全生育期在163~173 d,株高随生育进程呈增长趋势,齐穗期株高达到最大值,在85.97~101.30 cm;从分蘖前期到齐穗期时叶绿素SPAD值呈上升趋势,齐穗期到成熟期时叶绿素SPAD值大幅度下降,品种间存在差异,其中新农粳伊4号灌浆期最长,叶绿素SPAD值高,显著优于其他品种。各水稻品种产量与整精米率、食味值、精米率和直链淀粉含量均存在相关关系,且主成分分析得出新农粳伊4号综合得分最高,其次为新稻36号和新稻57号,09-57综合得分最低。【结论】新农粳伊4号优质丰产性最好,其次是新稻36号和新稻57号。

【Objective】This research aims to screen out high-quality and high-yield rice varieties which are suitable for planting in Xinjiang region.【Methods】The differences in growth and development,relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),yield and quality traits of the sixteen tested rice varieties were comprehensively evaluated through varieties comparison and principal component analysis.【Results】The whole growth period of the sixteen rice varieties ranged from 163 d to 173 d,the plant height showed an increasing trend as the growth processed,and the plant height reached the maximum at the full heading stage,ranging from 85.97 cm to 101.30 cm.The SPAD value showed an upward trend from the early tillering stage to the full heading stage,while the SPAD value significantly decreased from the full heading stage to the mature stage.There were differences among varieties,among which,Xinnongjingyi 4 had the longest filling stage,and the chlorophyll SPAD value was high,which was significantly better than that of other varieties.There was a correlation between the yield of each rice variety and the head rice rate,tasting value,milled rice rate and amylose content.Besides,principal component analysis showed that Xinnongjingyi 4 got the highest comprehensive score,followed by Xindao 36 and Xindao 57,and 09-57 scored the lowest.【Conclusion】The quality and yield of Xinnongjingyi 4 are the best,followed by Xindao 36 and Xindao 57.