遮荫对橡胶草生理特性的影响

Effects of Shading on the Physiological Characteristics of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin

【目的】研究不同遮荫处理对橡胶草光合性能和物质含量的影响,分析遮荫影响橡胶草的生理机制过程。【方法】以新疆当地2个橡胶草品系为材料,于2019年在新疆农业科学院安宁渠综合试验场进行大田试验。设不遮荫、轻度遮荫、重度遮荫3个处理。【结果】与正常光照相比,轻度遮荫促进了橡胶草根系和叶片中柠檬酸、苹果酸、丁二酸、草酸、总黄酮、总酚、绿原酸、咖啡酸等物质的合成,提高了橡胶草的代谢能力,进而增加了橡胶草光合性能和物质含量,最终影响了橡胶草的光合生理特性。重度遮荫造成橡胶草SPAD值、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)迅速降低,但胞间CO2浓度(Ci)上升,橡胶草叶片和根系中的总酚、总黄酮、有机酸组分、绿原酸和咖啡酸含量均下降。昭苏1-1的相关指标变化幅度较哈引2-6小。【结论】不同品系橡胶草在不同遮荫环境下的生长适应性不同。尤其在重度遮荫环境下,2种橡胶草光合性能均显著下降,光合产物累积能力及输出能力受阻,最终影响橡胶草生理特性。

【Objective】To study the effects of different shade treatments on the photosynthetic performance and material content of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin and explore the physiological mechanism of shade affecting the grass.【Method】The field experiment was carried out in the Anningqu Comprehensive Test Field of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2019.3 treatments(no shading,mild shading and severe shading)were set.【Result】Compared with normal light photography,mild shading and weak light affected the distribution of light energy in chloroplast of TKS brasiliensis,promoted the production of light contractual products,increased the photosynthetic performance and material content of TKS brasiliensis,and finally affected the physiological characteristics.The SPAD,(Pn),(Tr)and(Gs)of TKS brasiliensis decreased rapidly,the intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)increased,and the contents of total phenol,total flavonoids,organic acid,chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid decreased in leaves and roots of TKS brasiliensis.Zhaosu 1-1 related index change range was smaller than the one(Hayin 2-6)introduced from Kazakhstan.【Conclusion】The growth adaptability of different strains of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin under different shading environment is different.Especially in severe shading environment,the photosynthetic performance of two kinds of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin decrease significantly,the accumulation and output ability of photosynthetic products are blocked,and finally the physiological characteristics of the grass are affected.