夏玉米穗部性状对种植密度的响应研究

Ear Characters of Summer Maize:Response to Planting Density

为了探寻夏玉米穗部性状对不同密度的响应程度及对产量构成的影响,揭示果穗各性状间的协调关系,为夏玉米新品种高产创建的合理密植提供科学依据。以‘弘大216’、‘垦丰101’为试验材料,设置不同密度处理,通过对穗行数、行粒数、千粒重等的监测,研究夏玉米穗部性状对种植密度的响应。结果表明,在不同种植密度下,各品种产量均随着密度呈先增加后减少的趋势,符合二次曲线关系,相关分析显示,行粒数、穗长均和产量呈极显著相关,秃尖长与产量呈显著相关;紧凑型玉米品种‘弘大216’穗行数与产量呈极显著相关,半紧凑玉米品种‘垦丰101’千粒重与产量呈极显著相关。在保证合理密植条件下,通过肥水措施协调好穗长、穗行数、行粒数、千粒重之间的关系,更容易获得高产。

To explore the response of ear characters of summer maize to different densities and the effect on yield composition,reveal the coordination relationship between ear characters,and provide a scientific basis for the high-yield dense-planting of new summer maize varieties,different density treatments were set up with‘Hongda 216’and‘Kenfeng 101’as experimental materials.Through determining ear row number,grain number per row and 1000-grain weight,the response of ear characters to planting density of summer maize was studied.The results showed that under different planting densities,the yield of each variety increased first and then decreased with the density,which was in line with the quadratic curve relationship.Correlation analysis showed that row number and ear length were extremely and significantly correlated with the yield,and the bald tip length was significantly correlated with the yield.The compact maize variety‘Hongda 216’had a very significant correlation between the ear row number and the yield,while the semi-compact maize variety‘Kenfeng 101’had a very significant correlation between the 1000-grain weight and the yield.Under the condition of rational close planting,it is easier to achieve high yield by coordinating the relationship between ear length,ear rows,row grains,and 1000-grain weight through fertilizer and water measures.