浅谈耕地休耕模式及实现路径

Cultivated Land: Fallow Models and Their Realizing Routes

休耕制度是保障藏粮于地、藏粮于技战略具体实现的有效途径,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要战略意义。笔者详细归纳了美国、欧洲和日本休耕制度的提出背景以及休耕制度实施的具体方式和休耕补偿办法,并且分析了中国在资源匮乏地区、耕地破坏地区、生态薄弱区等区域耕地存在的独特性问题,以及相对应的科学改良措施和当前施行的休耕补贴政策。通过对比国外模式和分析国内现行休耕制度,笔者认为国内当前土地休耕应当大力发展预测模型,科学规划休耕区域,并且加强政府监督,改变当前的休耕补贴方式,刺激更多科研单位和商业公司加入到土地休耕的工作中。

Fallow system is an effective way to ensure the strategy of storing grain in land and technology,which s great strategic significance to the national food security.This paper summarized the background,specific implementation way and compensation method of the fallow system in United States,Europe and Japan,analyzed the uniqueness of cultivated land in resource-poor areas,destructed cultivated land areas,and weak ecological areas in China,and put forward corresponding improvement measures and fallow subsidy policies.By comparing the fallow models and analyzing the current domestic fallow system,the authors believe that the current domestic system should be enhanced by developing the prediction model,scientifically planning the fallow area,strengthening government supervision,changing current fallow subsidy mode,and motivating more research institutions and commercial companies to join in.