“儿童的视角”:历史生成与方法论探寻

Children's Perspective:The Historical Formation and Methodology Inquiry

从思想史的角度进行考察,"视角"本是指西方文艺复兴时期的一种绘画技法,后由尼采提出"视角主义",认为每个生命都有其认识与体验世界的方式,意义世界是多重视角的存在。"儿童的视角"指的是儿童对自身生活世界丰富而多元化的体验、感知和理解,能够为人类社会贡献生命力、真理以及爱的纽带。理解和珍视"儿童的视角"应该成为成人社会的自觉实践和教育活动的基础。儿童视角研究带有一种行动者意味,需要采用跨学科研究方法。目前兴盛于北欧的现象图析学在儿童视角研究方面做出了有益的探索,值得我们借鉴。

In recent years,children perspective research has risen in the field of young children’s education research field. In the history of thought,the concept "perspective"comes from the painting techniques of the Western Renaissance and has rich philosophical implications. "Perspectivism"matured in Nietzsche,later became an important point of view in spiritual world in the 20th century,argued that every life has its own way of understanding and experiencing the world,and the meaning world is the existence of multiple perspectives. "Children’s perspective"refers to children’s experience,perception and understanding in their own life world. They are fertile and diverse and are of great value to human society. Children’s perspective contributes vitality,truth and love to human society. Understanding and cherishing them should become the conscious practice of adult society and the basis of educational activities.Children perspective research possesses a meaning of actor, which requires interdisciplinary research method. At present,the phenomenography,which flourishes in northern Europe,has made beneficial exploration in children perspective research.