国际早期教育研究伦理规范的发展与启示

International Ethical Codes of Early Childhood Research:Evolution and Implications

国际社会对早期教育研究伦理规范的重视与推动已历经半个多世纪。英国早期教育协会2011年面向包括研究人员在内的早期教育专业人员发布的《伦理守则》、欧洲早期教育研究协会2014年发布的《早期教育研究人员的伦理纲要》均系统提出了为尊重和维护所有研究对象、研究者、资助研究的社会组织、研究共同体和人类社会的权益而需要遵循的基本规范,对国际早期教育研究产生了广泛的重要影响。早期教育研究伦理规范要求在研究者开展研究前进行伦理审查,要求监督并支持研究者在研究过程中遵守伦理规范,要求研究者在撰写和传播研究成果时汇报遵守伦理规范的情况。我国早期教育研究者应积极征求包括婴幼儿在内的研究对象的参与意愿,开展研究伦理的反思性实践,并积极推动国际早期教育研究伦理规范的本土化。我国相关专业组织、高校、科研机构应尽快组建伦理审查委员会,研制符合我国早期教育领域特点的研究伦理规范,并确保对研究行为的全过程监管。我国早期教育学界可通过出版平台严格筛除不符合伦理规范的研究成果,促进研究者遵守并坚持研究伦理规范。

The international community has attached importance to and promoted the ethics of early childhood research for more than half a century. The Code of Ethics released by the British Association for Early Childhood Education in 2011 and The Ethical Code for Early Childhood Researchers released by the European Early Childhood Education Research Association in 2014 systematically proposed the basic norms to be followed to respect and protect the rights and interests of all research objects,researchers,funding organizations,research communities,and human society,which have a broad and important impact on the global early childhood research. When implementing the ethics of early childhood research,it generally goes through three stages:research design,research implementation,and writing and dissemination of research results. Chinese early childhood researchers should actively seek the informed consent of young children and other participants and understand their willingness to participate,carry out reflective practice of ethics,and start to design and implement the locally appropriate ethical codes in research. Professional organizations such as academic groups or associations should formulate research ethical regulations that are consistent with the characteristics of early childhood education,and cooperate with ethics review committees of scientific research institutions such as universities and research institutes to ensure the supervision of research behaviours. Early childhood education academics can strictly screen out outputs that do not conform to ethical regulations through the publishing platforms,and form a virtuous circle of observing research ethical regulations.