师德评价困境的成因及其超越——基于道德哲学视角的考察

The Cause and Transcendence of the Dilemma in the Evaluation of the Teacher’s Morality:An Exploration in the Perspective of Moral Philosophy

师德评价能否突破当前所面临的种种困境,有赖于三个涉及道德哲学的基本问题能否得以解决:第一个是师德评价对象的问题。作为评价对象的师德需要区分其外部边界和内部边界,外部边界存在于公共道德、私人道德和专业道德之间;内部边界存在于底线师德和理想师德之间。第二个是师德评价目的的问题。有必要扬弃教师绩效问责目的和教师专业发展目的,进一步澄清学生向善发展目的。第三个问题是师德评价方式的问题。它包含师德评价的依据、程序和方法等方面,对它们的合理性及其限度展开论证,是师德评价成败的关键。

Whether the evaluation of the teacher’s morality can break through the current dilemmas depends on whether the three basic problems related to moral philosophy can be solved.The first problem is about the object of the evaluation of the teacher’s morality.As the evaluation object,the teacher’s morality needs to be distinguished its external boundary from its internal boundary.The external boundary exists among the public morality,private morality and professional morality,and the internal boundary lies between the bottom line of the teacher’s morality and the teacher’s ideal morality.The second one is about the purpose of the evaluation of the teacher’s morality.It is necessary to sublate the purpose of the teacher’s performance accountability and teacher’s professional development,and further clarify the purpose of the student’s development to the good.The third one is about the way of the evaluation of the teacher’s morality.It includes the bases,procedures and methods of the evaluation of the teacher’s morality,and the demonstration for their rationality and limits,which is the key to the success or failure of the evaluation of the teacher’s morality.