太赫兹波在高速飞行器等离子体鞘套中的传输特性

Propagation characteristics of terahertz wave in plasma sheath of high-speed aircraft

文章针对临近空间高超声速飞行器的通信黑障问题,对“联盟号”飞船返回舱周围的流场分布进行模拟,根据流场压力、温度分布以及空气离解反应模型建立等离子体鞘套模型,并基于散射矩阵法分析不同飞行速度、不同入射角度下,频率在0~3.5 THz范围的太赫兹波的传输特性。结果表明,不同飞行马赫数及入射角度下,太赫兹波对等离子体鞘套都具有较好的穿透能力,且传输损耗随频率的提高明显降低。该研究对于实现临近空间飞行器的全时通信和实时探测具有重要意义。

In view of the communication black barrier problem faced by near-space hypersonic vehicles,the flow field around the return capsule of the Soyuz spaceship is simulated,and a plasma sheath model and an ionization model are established according to the distribution of the field pressure and temperatures.The transmission characteristics of the terahertz waves within the range of 0 to 3.5 THz at different flight speeds and different incident angles are analyzed using the scattering matrix method.It is shown that the terahertz waves can penetrate the plasma sheath well with little dependence of the Mach numbers and the incident angles,and the transmission loss decreases with the increase of the frequency.The result provides some insight in dealing with the blackout problem and realizing the full-time communication among near-space hypersonic vehicles and their real-time detection.