皖北农业区土壤重金属来源分析——以宿州市夹沟地区某农田为例

Source Analysis Of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil,Northern Anhui Province-a Case Study of a Farmland in Jiagou District,Suzhou City

为了解皖北农业发展区农田土壤重金属的污染情况,以宿州市夹沟地区某一农田为研究站点,室外采集57个土壤样品,室内使用X-Ray荧光光谱仪测试了土壤中6种重金属元素的含量,采用内梅罗综合指数法、潜在生态危害指数法对研究区土壤重金属进行污染评价,采用相关性分析和因子分析对土壤重金属进行来源分析.结果表明,研究区土壤中Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Cr、Pb的平均含量分别为26.37 mg/kg、50.39 mg/kg、11.76 mg/kg、28.30 mg/kg、50.85 mg/kg、29.26 mg/kg.其中,Cu、Pb的平均含量高于安徽省土壤背景值,受到了一定程度的污染.内梅罗综合指数法评价结果表明:研究区土壤总体受到了轻微污染,其中,47%的研究点为警戒级,53%的研究点为轻污染;潜在生态危害指数法评价结果显示研究区土壤危害等级为轻微潜在生态危害.根据调查情况及来源分析得出:Pb、Cr和Co来源于交通运输;Cu、Ni及Zn来源于农业活动.

In order to understand the heavy metals pollution status of the agricultural soil,northern Anhui,a certain site was selected in a farmland,Jiagou district of Suzhou City.Fifty-seven soil samples were collected in the farmland,and six heavy metals were tested by X-ray fluorescence spectromete.Nemero index and potential ecological hazard index were used to evaluate the pollution of heavy metals in the surface soil of the study area,and correlation analysis and factor analysis were used to analyze the source of heavy metals.The results indicate that Cu,Zn,Co,Ni,Cr and Pb of the soil of the study area are 26.37 mg/k,50.39 mg/k,11.76 mg/k,28.30 mg/k,50.85 mg/k,29.26 mg/kg.Among them,the average content of Cu and Pb was higher than the background value of Anhui province,which was polluted to a certain extent.The results of the Nemero comprehensive index method showed that the soil in the study area was slightly polluted in general,among which 47%of the study sites were alert level and 53%were lightly polluted.The evaluation results of the potential ecological hazard index method showed that the soil in the study area was slightly potential ecological hazard.According to the investigation and source analysis,Pb,Cr and Co came from transportation.Cu,Ni and Zn are derived from agricultural activities.