悬挑外脚手架在高层建筑中的设计与施工

Design and Construction of Cantilevered External Scaffold in High-Rise Building

现行规范未明确悬挑阳台及转角剪力墙等非一般部位悬挑外脚手架具体加固措施,以某高层建筑悬挑外脚手架为例,采用多种通用软件对一般部位、阳台和转角部位悬挑钢梁及斜撑进行变形及力学计算,并对3种不同部位的外脚手架底部支撑形式进行探讨。结果表明:阳台部位悬挑钢梁前端下方加设斜撑保证了架体强度及整体稳定性,有效减小了钢梁截面及重量,确保现场塔吊安全吊运;转角剪力墙部位钢梁及斜撑形成稳定的三角形外支撑受力体系,解决了转角部位多条钢梁交叉排布造成末端锚固段不足的问题,节省了钢材用量、减小成本、安拆便捷、保证了剪力墙的完整性、降低外墙渗漏和孔洞周边抹灰空鼓概率。

The current codes do not specify the specific reinforcement measures of cantilevered external scaffold in non-general parts such as cantilever balcony and corner.Takes the cantilevered external scaffold of a high-rise building as an example,conducts deformation and mechanical calculations on cantilever steel beams and diagonal braces at general,balcony and corner position by using a variety of general software.The bottom support forms of external scaffolds in three different parts are discussed.The results show that diagonal brace is added under the front end of cantilever steel beam on the balcony,effectively reducing the steel beam section and weight,ensuring safe lifting of a tower crane on site;Steel beam and diagonal brace form a stable triangular external support system in corner shear wall,solving the problem of insufficient anchoring section at the end caused by the cross arrangement of multiple steel beams at the corner,saving the steel consumption,reducing cost,installing and dismantling conveniently,ensuring the integrity of the shear wall,reducing the probability of external wall leakage and hollowing around holes.