学术史视域下的《庄子·寓言》研究考辨

A Textual Research on the Chapter Yuyan of Zhuangzi from the Perspective of Academic History

《寓言》篇是《庄子》中比较特殊的一篇,古往今来,学者对该篇的评价存在巨大差异。宋代之前,学界并未关注该篇的重要性,仅就其中"三言"理论进行解释。自宋、明以来,学者逐渐重视该篇自叙全书主旨的重要意义,更有学者以《寓言》为全书之序,将《寓言》篇的学术价值推到至高点。清至近代以来,随着对《庄子》研究的开拓与深入,通过段落划分、真伪评判以及受西方学术范式的影响,学界开始理性对待《寓言》篇的学术价值。当代的学术研究则跳出《寓言》篇,从更广阔的视角来评价《寓言》篇以及《庄子》中的寓言。透过学术史,当今学界可以更加客观、公正地做出评判,而学术史视角也是当代学术研究的基本视角,同时也是当今学界重要的学术生长点之一。

Yuyan is a special article in Zhuangzi.There are great differences in scholars’evaluation of this article from the ancient to modern times.Before the Song Dynasty,the academic circles did not pay attention to the importance of this article,and only explained the three-yan theory.Since the Song and Ming Dynasties,scholars have gradually attached the importance to the significance of the theme of this self-narrative article.More scholars have pushed the academic value of Yuyan to its highest point by taking it as the preface of the whole book.From the Qing Dynasty to the modern times,with the deepening and development of the study of Zhuangzi,the academic circles began to treat the academic value of Yuyan rationally through the division of paragraphs,the judgement of authenticity and falsity,and the influence of western academic scope.Contemporary academic research jumps out of Yuyan and evaluates fables in Zhuangzi from a broader perspective.Through academic history,today’s academic circles can make more objective and impartial judgments,and the perspective of academic history is the basic perspective of contemporary academic research,but also an important academic growth point in today’s academic circles.