创新生态系统的双元能力判别及其演化路径分析——基于1998-2018年的跨案例研究

Discrimination of Ambidextrous Capabilities of Innovation Ecosystem and Analysis of Its Evolution Path:Based on a Cross-case Study from 1998 to 2018

现有理论深入探讨了基于传统一维创新能力的创新生态系统演化机制,但缺乏对开发性创新与探索性创新的维度细分、判别及路径分析。文章基于两种创新能力细分的视角,通过对创新生态系统的双元特征分类及创新机制分析,利用多元统计分析的子方法设计了双元创新指标评价体系,跨案例分析了1998-2018年北京、上海和天津的系统演化规律,探究了系统创新能力递减与边际递减的内在区别与成因,并得出以下命题:系统开发性创新、探索性创新能力的边际变化与地区GDP增速正相关;两种创新存在周期性的螺旋交互上升关系;开发性创新与地区贸易水平正相关,探索性创新反之。最后,针对我国不同类型的创新生态系统提出了治理建议与对策。

Existing theories have thoroughly explored the evolution mechanism of the innovation ecosystem based on the traditional one-dimensional innovation capabilities,but they lack the dimensional subdivision,discrimination and path analysis of exploitative innovation and exploratory innovation.Based on two perspectives of subdivision of innovation ca⁃pabilities,through the ambidextrous feature classification and innovation mechanism analysis of the innovation ecosys⁃tem,the ambidextrous innovation index evaluation system is designed using the sub-method of multivariate statistical analysis,and a cross-case analysis is made about the laws of system evolution in Beijing,Shanghai and Tianjin from 1998 to 2018.The paper explores internal differences and causes of diminishing system innovation capabilities and diminishing margin,and comes up with the following propositions:Marginal change of systematically exploitative innovation capabili⁃ties and exploratory innovation capabilities are positively correlated with regional GDP growth;the two types of innovation have a cyclical and interactive upward relationship;exploitative innovation is positively correlated with the level of region⁃al trade,and exploratory innovation is the opposite.Finally,the paper puts forward governance suggestions and counter⁃measures for different types of innovation ecosystems in China.