《红楼梦》的多重主旨及其表达策略

A Study of the Multiple Themes and Writing Strategies of Hong Lou Meng

《红楼梦》深刻的思想内涵,沉重的历史积淀,丰富的文化内容,复杂的社会现象,人物众多,事件繁乱,作者之所以能驾驭自如,游刃有余,除了其高超的写作技巧,更重要的则在于其种种严谨的写作策略的使用。通过对作者所想写、文本之展现的分析,结合读者的解读,可以发现,曹雪芹为达到其述祖德、明盛衰、传闺阁、叹宿命、言不朽、显亲历等多重创作目的,是精心设计过多种写作策略的:1.述祖德用的是"以南写北",将真事隐去。2.明盛衰用的是"以北隐南"。3.传闺阁用的是建造大观园。4.叹宿命用的是设计太虚幻境。5.言不朽用的是石头著书。6.显亲历用的是设置通灵玉与贾宝玉。这六种写作策略,不仅体现了作者的巧心佳构、椽笔运转,而且表达了《红楼梦》深远的思想内涵。可以说,《红楼梦》的写作策略是其经典性的有力支撑。

Hong Lou Meng(A Dream of Red Mansions)is filled with profound ideological connotation,heavy historical accumulation,rich cultural content,complex social phenomena,numerous characters and events.The reason why the author can control these features freely and skillfully lies not only in his excellent writing skills,but also in the use of his various rigorous writing strategies.Through the analysis of the text and reader’s interpretation,it can be found that in order to achieve the multiple purposes,such as eulogizing the merits of ancestors,illuminating the ups and downs,describing the boudoir,lamenting the fate,proposing the eternity and displaying the experiences,Cao Xueqin carefully designs a variety of writing strategies,which can be summerised as follow:1."writing the south in view of the north"to eulogize the merits of ancestors and keep the truth secret;2."implicating the north of the south"to illuminate the ups and downs;3.building the Grand View Garden to describe the boudoir affairs;4.designing the empty fantasy to lament the fate;5.immortal words made of stone;6.setting of psychic jade and Jia Baoyu to display the experiences.These six writing strategies not only embody the writer’s ingenious mind,but also express the profound thoughts of Hong Lou Meng.It can be said that the writing strategies of Hong Lou Meng are the strong support for its being classic.