养老护理员道德推脱现状调查及其影响因素分析

Survey of the status quo of care workers’moral disengagement in nursing homes and its influencing factors

[目的]调查养老护理员的道德推脱现状及影响因素。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、道德推脱量表、共情疲劳量表、社会支持量表对长沙市6区2县7所养老机构318名养老护理员进行调查。[结果]养老护理员道德推脱、共情满意、职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激、社会支持得分分别为(87.20±8.85)分、(29.45±3.99)分、(23.84±5.40)分、(26.03±3.83)分、(39.09±10.84)分,年龄、受教育程度对道德推脱有影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),共情满意、社会支持负向预测道德推脱,职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激正向预测道德推脱。[结论]养老护理员道德推脱处于中等水平,且受年龄、受教育程度因素影响;养老院应制定相应的干预措施,关注社会支持低、共情疲劳重的养老护理员,促进养老机构安全建设,减少社会不良事件的发生。

Objective:To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of care workers’moral disengagement in nursing homes.Methods:A General Data Questionnaire,Moral Disengagement Scale,Empathy Fatigue Scale,and Social Support Scale were used to investigate 318 care workers from 7 nursing homes in 6 districts and 2 counties of Changsha city.Results:The care workers’scores of moral disengagement,empathy satisfaction,job burnout,secondary traumatic stress and social support were(87.20±8.85),(29.45±3.99),(23.84±5.40),(26.03±3.83),and(39.09±10.84),respectively.The age and education level had an impact on the moral disengagement(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The empathy satisfied and the social support had a negative prediction to moral disengagement.Job burnout and secondary traumatic stress positively predicted moral disengagement.Conclusions:The care workers’moral disengagement was at a moderate level,which was affected by age and education level.The nursing homes should formulate corresponding intervention measures,pay attention to the care workers with low social support and heavy empathy fatigue,in order to promote the safety construction of the nursing homes and reduce the occurrence of social adverse events.