回压对抽油机井能耗影响研究

Research of Effect of Back Pressure on Energy Consumption of Pumping Unit

抽油机采油是国内外大多数油田的主要举升方式,其能耗非常大。降低抽油机井能耗,对降低生产成本,提高石油企业的经济效益具有十分重要的意义。本文对不同泵径的抽油泵在不同回压下的附加能耗进行了计算,通过理论推导,计算了因回压对举升的阻碍作用导致抽油机所做的附加功以及多消耗的电能,并分析了回压升高对油井能耗影响的变化趋势。为了验证了理论计算结果的可靠性,对理论数据和实测数据进行了对比。在此基础上,分析研究了回压对抽油机井能耗影响的变化趋势,以及同一回压对不同型号抽油泵井的影响差异。通过对集输各段对能量需求的计算,求出了抽油机井的合理回压。通过目前油井实际回压与计算出的合理流压的对比,指出了目前回压普遍偏高的现状,对提高油田管理水平和企业经济效益具有一定的借鉴意义。

Pumping units lifting is a main lifting type in major oilfield sat home and abroad.The total energy consumptions of the pumping units are huge.So energy consumption reducing has great significance for re-ducing production cost and increasing economic benefit of oil enterprises.Additional energy consumption of the pumping units with various pump diameter at various back pressures is calculated.Through theoretical deriva-tion,additional work and electric energy resulted from obstacle during the lifting at the back pressure are calculated,and the trend of the impact of rise of back pressure on energy consumption of oil wells is ana-lyzed.Theoretical data and measured one is compared to prove the reliability of the theoretical calculation re-sults.Based on that,the trend of the impact of the back pressure on the energy consumption of the pumping units is analyzed,and the difference of the pumping units with various types at the same back pressure is studied.Reasonable back pressure of the pumping units is calculated based on the results of energy need at various gathering and transportation stages.After the contrast of actual back pressure and the calculated rea-sonable one of the oil wells,it points out that the current back pressure is higher,which has certain guiding significance of improving management level of the oilfields and economic benefit of the enterprises.