离散群体的族群边界与国家认同——以中尼边境吉隆镇达曼人为例

The Ethnic Boundary and National Identity of Diaspora——the Example of the Daman Living in the China-Nepal Border Town Gilong

离散群体长期生活在异文化中,其族群特征和主体性表达与居住国的生存境遇、族群关系、公民身份等论题紧密相关。本文基于对中尼边境吉隆镇达曼人的调查,试图呈现离散群体达曼人在社会变迁中的国家意识与国家认同,以及主动适应移居国社会过程中与藏族之间族群边界体现的具体面向。研究表明,打铁技艺的传承是离散群体达曼人在移居国生存智慧的选择,但铁匠身份也构成了影响达曼人与藏族族群关系和族群边界的最核心要素。

Based on the investigation of Daman people in Gilong town on the border between China and Ne⁃pal,this paper attempts to present the national consciousness and national identity of the Daman people in the process of social changes,as well as the specific aspect reflected in the ethnic boundary between them and the Tibetans in the process of actively adapting to the society of their adopted countries.The research shows that the inheritance of blacksmith skills is the choice of survival wisdom of the Daman people in the emigration country,but the blacksmith status also constitutes the core factor that affects the relationship between the Daman people and the Tibetan ethnic group and the ethnic group boundary.