化肥和农药减施替代技术对马铃薯产量的影响

Effects of substitute integrated technology of reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on potato yield

为解决马铃薯田间化肥和农药过量使用及人工、成本投入过高等问题,以青薯9号为试验品种,采用海藻有机肥、微生物菌剂和新型除草剂(二甲戊灵和氟咯草酮)等组成的化肥和农药,研究减施替代集成技术对马铃薯产量的影响。结果表明:与常规施肥量和施药量相比,在施肥量降低45%(氮(N)减少55.74%、磷(P2O5)减少50%、钾(K2O)减少50%)、施药量降低47.62%的条件下,施用新型农药氟咯草酮和二甲戊灵与海藻有机肥,马铃薯商品率为53.55%,产量增加13.5%。表明该化肥和农药减施替代集成技术可为马铃薯产业的绿色发展提供技术支撑。

In order to solve the problems of excessive use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide,high labor cost and production cost in potato field,Qingshu No.9 is used as the experimental variety to study the effect of substitute integrated technology of reduction and substitution of fertilizer and pesticide composed of seaweed organic fertilizer,microbial agent and new herbicides(pendimethalin and fluorodifen)on potato yield.The results show that comparing with the conventional rate of fertilizer and pesticide,the commercial rate of potato is 53.55%with the yield increasing by 13.5%after the application of fluorodifen,pendimethalin and seaweed organic fertilizer under the conditions of 45%reduction in fertilizer application,55.74%in nitrogen(n),50%in phosphorus(P2O5),50%in potassium(K2O)and 47.62%in pesticide consumption.It can be concluded that the alternative integrated technology can provide technical support for the green development of potato industry.