行政机关单方解约权的行使与救济检讨——以最高人民法院司法解释为分析对象

The Exercise and Relief of Unilateral Termination Right of Administrative Contract——Taking the Judicial Interpretation of the Supreme Court as the Analysis Object

《最高人民法院关于审理行政协议案件若干问题的规定》将行政机关单方解约行为引发的诉讼设定为"行为之诉",并遵循传统的合法性审查路径处理,此种制度设计存在可议空间。比较法德两国制度经验可以认为,两国虽对行政机关单方解约行为的性质认定存在差异,但相关争议处理却遵循"关系之诉"逻辑,以当事人的权利义务争议为审理中心。作为参照对象的法国模式有必要重新认识,行政机关单方解约行为的性质以及由此引发的案件处理方式有待进一步检讨。

The judicial interpretation of the Supreme Court sets the lawsuit caused by the executive organ’s unilateral termination right as"action litigation",and follows the traditional path of legality review.This system design needs to be reviewed.Comparing the system experience of France and Germany,it can be concluded that although there are differences in the nature of unilateral termination between the two countries,the relevant disputes are handled in accordance with the logic of"relational litigation",with the rights and obligations disputes of the parties as the trial center.As the reference object of French model,it is necessary to re understand,the nature of unilateral termination by administrative organs and the way of handling cases caused by it also need to be further reviewed.