全面小康社会初期的相对贫困及其发展型治理

Relative Poverty and its Developmental Governance in the Early Period of a Moderately-prosperous Society in all Respects

2020年中国完成脱贫攻坚、消除绝对贫困的艰巨任务,全面建成小康社会,这是中国改革开放以来取得的重大成就。之后,中国反贫困工作的重点将转为对相对贫困的治理。市场化、城市化和社会转型给中国带来了发展机会,也衍生出转型贫困问题,包括农民的留守型相对贫困和迁移型相对贫困。从全面小康、经济一社会发展和社会生活的角度看,对相对贫困应该采取发展型治理策略,通过经济开发、建构社会支持体系、提升贫困群体能力、实现城乡公共服务均等化来促进相对贫困的缓解,同时避免对农民造成伤害的土地征用和城市化。

By end of 2020,China will complete the arduous task of alleviating absolute poverty,and build a moderately-prosperous society in all respect.This is a major achievement China has made since its reform and opening up.After that,the focus of China's anti-poverty strategy will shift to the governance of relative poverty.Marketization,urbanization,and social transformation have brought development opportunities to China,but have also been coincided with the problem of transformational poverty,particularly the relative poverty related to the rural left-behind and migration population.In terms of moderate prosperity in all respects,economic-social development and social life,the developmental governance strategies should be adopted in addressing the issue of relative poverty,including the promotion of economic development,the construction of social support system,the enhancement of the disadvantaged group's capability,and the equalization of urban and rural public services.Meanwhile,it is critical to avoid land acquisition and urbanization that may do harm to farmers.