滴灌减氮下生物炭基肥对植烟土壤无机氮组分含量的影响

Effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on inorganic nitrogen composition in tobacco-growing soil under drip irrigation

为探究滴灌条件下不同生物炭基肥施用量对植烟土壤氮素组分含量的影响,探索资源节约型和环境友好型减氮新途径。采用大田试验,在滴灌减氮条件下分别施用600,1200和1800 kg·hm-2生物炭基肥并对各处理植烟土壤氮素组成进行分析。结果表明,与常规对照处理相比,中高添加量的生物炭基肥能延缓硝态氮的淋失时间,显著提高土壤硝态氮含量;与对照相比,滴灌下施用生物炭基肥能显著提高移栽中后期的铵态氮、碱解氮、无机氮、全氮含量,且T3处理可提高66.59%,36.17%,59.4%和58.8%;减氮50%条件下,滴灌下施用生物炭基肥处理的农艺性状指标基本上均高于对照处理;滴灌下施用生物炭基肥能提高移栽后45~90 d的叶面积,满足烟株高产的需要。

In order to explore the effects of different biochar-based fertilizer application amount on soil nitrogen component in tobacco plant under drip irrigation,a new way of resource-saving and environment-friendly nitrogen reduction was explored.A field experiment was conducted under the conditions of drip irrigation and nitrogen reduction.The experimental groups with 600 kg·hm-2,1200 kg·hm-2 and 1800 kg·hm-2 of biochar-based fertilizer were applied to analyse the nitrogen component in tobacco-growing soils.The results showed that compared with the control treatment(CK),the biochar-based fertilizer with medium and high addition amount could delay the leaching time of nitrate nitrogen and significantly increase the content of nitrate nitrogen in soil.Compared with the control group,the application of biochar-based fertilizer under drip irrigation could significantly increase the ammonium nitrogen,alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen and total nitrogen contents in the middle and late stage of transplanting,and the T3 treatment could increase by 66.59%,36.17%,59.4%and 58.8%,respectively.Under the condition of reducing nitrogen by 50%,the agronomic traits of the treatments with biochar base fertilizer under drip irrigation were basically higher than those of the control treatment.The application of biochar base fertilizer under drip irrigation could improve the leaf area of 45 d to 90 d after transplanting,and meet the needs of high yield of tobacco plants.