分级多孔炭的制备及其作为超级电容器电极材料的研究进展

Advances in preparation of hierarchical porous carbons and their application in supercapacitors

分级多孔炭由于同时具有不同类型的孔结构、较大的比表面积、低廉的价格以及优异的电化学性能等特点,在高效储能领域显示出巨大的应用优势。它既可以直接作为超级电容器的电极材料与电解液形成双电层电容进行电荷存储,又可以与非碳基材料进行复合形成赝电容进行电荷存储。因此多孔炭材料一直是电化学储能元件中不可或缺的电极材料。在介绍不同孔径多孔炭对能量储存发挥具体作用的基础上,本文对近年来分级多孔炭的制备方法、以及改进其电化学性能的方式进行了总结,并对分级多孔炭用作超级电容器电极材料未来发展作出展望。

Because of the characteristics of different types of pore structure,larger specific surface area,lower price,and excellent electrochemical performance,graded hierarchical porous carbon shows great advantages in the field of high-efficiency energy storage.They can be directly used as the electrode material of supercapacitors to form electric double-layer capacitors with electrolyte for charge storage,and can also be combined with non-carbon-based materials to form pseudocapacitance for charge storage.Therefore,porous carbons have always been an indispensable electrode material in electrochemical energy storage devices.Here the specific role of porous carbons with different pore sizes on energy storage has been illustrated.The preparation methods of hierarchical porous carbons have also been summarized in recent years.The paper shows the ways to improve electrochemical performance,and as well as the future development of hierarchical porous carbons as electrode material for supercapacitors.