杯中吸管实验研究

Experimental Study on Pipette in Cup

借鉴国际青年物理学家锦标赛的竞赛题目,选择“杯中吸管”这个实验,运用杠杆原理等有关力学知识,分析了对实验结果造成影响的相关参量。该实验研究了吸管从一杯碳酸饮料中翻出的条件,并从杯子形状和吸管长度、直径等方面来研究影响翻出时间的因素。实验表明:同一高度液体、同一吸管在不同形状杯子中上升的时间不同依次为t直升水杯>t烧杯>t高脚杯;在汽水体积相同的情况下,吸管长度越长或者直径越大,翻出杯面的时间越快,并总结出吸管翻出杯子的临界条件公式。

Referring to the competition topic of the 2018 International Youth Physicists Championship,it chooses the experiment of“pipette in cup”,which uses the lever principle and other relevant mechanical knowledge,and analyzes the relevant parameters that affect the experimental results.The“pipette in cup”experiment studied the conditions of pipette turning out from a cup of carbonated beverage,and the factors affecting the turning-out time were studied from the length,diameter and shape of the pipette.The experiment shows that the rising times of the same liquid and the same pipette are different in different cups,followed by t straight cup>t beaker>t high-leg cup;in the case of the same volume of soda,the longer the length or diameter of pipette,the faster the time of turning over the cup surface.Finally,the critical condition formula of the pipette turning over the cup is given.