沥青路面预防性养护评价标准及决策优化研究

Study on Evaluation Standard for Asphalt Pavement Preventive Maintenance and Decision-making Optimization

为完善可判别沥青路面早期病害的路况评价指标和标准,优化沥青路面预防性养护方案决策方法,梳理了预防性养护相关定义和适用情况,对国内外现有路况评价指标和体系进行了分析,提出了基于结构强度尚好的前提并同时考虑路面使用性能综合指标和病害情况单项指标的预防性养护评判标准,并与新版养护设计规范和路况评定标准涉及的预防性养护相关内容进行对比分析;分析了重构优化DEA方法和区间数TOPSIS方法的应用原理,并实例论证了二者对多目标、多属性且属性指标值不确定的预养护方案比选择优的适用性。结果表明:提出的沥青路面预防性养护评判标准(以强度良及以上(SSI≥0.85)为前提条件,综合指标与单项指标任一项满足(80<PQI≤92,0.5%<CR≤3%,5 mm<RD≤15 mm,40<SFC≤50,2.0<IRI≤3.5),即应进行预防性养护,其中裂缝率考虑了裂缝严重程度)可操作且适用性强,与新版养护设计规范和路况评定标准一致或更为严苛;重构优化DEA方法决策结果倾向于成本最低即最优,区间数TOPSIS方法能给出比选方案排序,结合区间数使得指标评价取值减少了人为因素的影响,用于沥青路面预防性养护决策适用性强、可信度高。

In order to improve the road condition evaluation indicators and standard for distinguishing early damages of asphalt pavement,and optimize the decision-making method of asphalt pavement preventive maintenance scheme,the definition and application of preventive maintenance are reviewed,and the existing road condition evaluation indicators and systems at home and abroad are analysed.The preventive maintenance evaluation standard considering both the comprehensive indicator of pavement performance and the single indicator of diseases based on good structural strength is proposed,which is compared and analysed with the relevant content of preventive maintenance in the new versions of the maintenance and design specifications and the road condition assessment standard.The application principles of the reconstruction optimization DEA method and the interval number TOPSIS method are analyzed,and their applicability to the selection in the multi-objective,multi-attribute pre-maintenance schemes with uncertain attribute indicators is demonstrated by examples.The result shows that(1)The proposed evaluation standard for asphalt pavement preventive maintenance—taking good strength and above(SSI≥0.85)as the prerequisite,if either of the comprehensive indicator or the single indicator meets the standard(80<PQI≤92,0.5%<CR≤3%,5 mm<RD≤15 mm,40<SFC≤50,2.0<IRI≤3.5),preventive maintenance should be carried out,where the crack rate considers the crack severity—is operable and highly applicable,it is consistent with or more stringent than the new maintenance and design specification and road condition assessment standard.(2)The decision-making result of the reconstruction optimization DEA method tends to be the lowest cost is the best,while the sorting of the schemes can be given by the interval number TOPSIS method.The combination of the interval number makes the indicator evaluation value reduce the influence of human factors,it has strong applicability and high credibility for decision-making of asphalt pavement preventive maintenance.