海交史视野下的鹦鹉螺杯

Nautilus Cups from the Perspective of Maritime History

鹦鹉螺杯与鹦鹉杯实为同一物,史料之中多有记载,属推杯换盏的劝饮玩器,与一般螺杯有形态上的差异。鹦鹉螺杯早期多仅以铜料稍加修饰,于唐宋时期出现模仿其造型的陶瓷器。两宋以后出现新的变化,尤其是在明代,与欧洲同类制品发生交集。欧洲鹦鹉螺杯以金、银装饰为主,且非实用饮酒器,常见于欧洲贵族的收藏中,其工艺样式在欧洲的兴盛与航海时代的开启有关。

As recorded in historical sources,Nautilus cups and parrot cups both refer to the same kind of drinking vessels for entertainment,which have different shapes from ordinary snail cups.The early nautilus cups were mostly ornamented with bronze.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,ceramic imitations of such cups were produced.However,because of the changes in the craftsmanship after the Song dynasty,especially in the Ming dynasty,the Chinese nautilus cups became more similar to the European ones.In Europe,nautilus cups were mainly mounted in silver or gold.They were collected by noblemen as aesthetic objects instead of drinking vessels.The craftwork and patterns of the nautilus cups are associated with the rise of Europe and the opening of the Great Navigation Age.