基于订单拆分的线上到线下连锁门店配送优化模型

An Optimization Model for O2O Chain Stores Distribution Based on Order Splitting

针对零售企业线上到线下(Online To Offline, O2O)转型下连锁门店订单分配和配送问题,考虑门店商品种类、库存容量及客户退货等因素,提出只按商品种类而非数量进行拆分的订单拆分策略.以配送总费用最小为目标,构建基于订单拆分的O2O门店配送优化模型;设计包含线上订单就近分配和改进禁忌搜索的两阶段启发式求解算法,采用标准算例库中数据验证模型和方法的适用性和有效性.结果表明:与不拆分订单方法相比,订单拆分能够提高客户订单履约率,各门店商品总库存量不小于客户订单总需求量时,客户订单履约率达到100%.

This paper studied the problems of order allocation and logistics distribution in chain stores of retail enterprises under the O2 O transformation background. Considering the factors such as the possession of various types of commodities of chain store and its inventory capacity, customer returns, an order splitting strategy that only allows the segmentation of commodity types and does not split the quantity was put forward. Based on the order splitting strategy, an O2 O chain store distribution optimization model was established with the goal of minimizing the total distribution cost. A two-stage heuristic algorithm was designed based on the nearest order assignment and improved tabu search. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are tested on benchmark instances. Experimental results show that the fulfillment rate of customer orders could be increased significantly by splitting customer orders. Moreover, as long as the total inventory of goods in each store is not less than the total demand of customer orders, a customer order fulfillment rate of 100% can be achieved.