大鼠固定失血量失血性休克模型稳定性及病理生理变化的研究

Stability and pathophysiology of volume-controlled hemorrhagic shock model in rat

目的本研究采用SD大鼠建立固定失血量失血性休克模型,并对失血性休克后的病理生理变化进行观察.方法通过股动脉置管术放50%或40%的全身血量血建立大鼠模型,首先记录血流动力学和动脉血气指标并进行生存分析(每组8只);然后在休克后的4、8、12h收集40%失血量组大鼠的肺、肝、小肠及肾脏进行HE染色(每组6只).结果40%和50%的放血量造成大鼠的平均动脉压分别从(90±5)mmHg和(93±4)mmHg降至(40±4)mmHg和(34±4)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心率分别从(330±35)次/min和(336±32)次/min升高至(478±36)次/min和(490±21)次/min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).40%和50%放血后大鼠的血红蛋白和pH值明显降低,而乳酸值则明显升高.50%失血量组大鼠的24h生存率显著低于40%失血量组大鼠(12.5%比100%,P<0.05).与假手术组相比,失血性休克后4h大鼠急性肺损伤和小肠损伤最显著,失血性休克后8h肝损伤最显著,失血性休克后12 h肾脏损伤最显著(P<0.05).结论本研究建立的大鼠失血性休克模型模拟了严重失血性休克患者急性期的疾病状态,利用固定失血量的策略增加了该模型的可重复性,并验证了该模型的可靠性和稳定性.

Objective To establish a rat model o f volum e-controlled hemorrhage and observe the pathophysiological changes that ensued.Methods Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were subjected to femoral arterial cannulation and hemorrhage for 40% or 50% of total volume.The hemodynamics data and arterial blood gas were collected,and survival after hemorrhage was monitored for 24 hours(n=8/group).Then lung,liver,intestine and kidney were collected for HE staining after 40% hemorrhage at 4,8 and 12 hours(m=6/group).Results Meanarterial pressure of 40% and 50% blood loss group decreased significantly from(90±5)mmHg and(93±4)mmHg to(40±4)mmHg and(34±4)mmHg(P<0.05).Heart rate of 40% and 50% blood loss group in creased significantly from(330±35)bpm and(336±32)bpm to(478±36)bpm and(490±21)bpm(P<0.05).Hemoglobin and pH decreased significantly following hemorrhage,while lactate in creased.The survival rate of 50% blood loss group was just 12.5% and 40% blood loss group was 100%(P<0.05).Compared with sham group,the most significant injury was observed in lung and small in testine after 4 hours,in liver after 8 hours and in kidney after 12 hours following hemorrhage.Conclusion This study established a stable and repeatable volume-controlled hemorrhagic shock model in rat.