栀子花精油芳香疗法对阿尔兹海默症双转基因模型小鼠运动及焦虑的影响

Effects of gardenia essential oil aromatherapy on exercise capacity and anxiety in dual transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

目的观察栀子花精油芳香疗法对阿尔兹海默症双转基因模型(APP/PS1)小鼠运动能力和焦虑情绪的影响。方法实验分成3组,正常组(6只同窝野生型小鼠,雄性)、模型组和芳香组(各5只APP/PS1小鼠,雄性)。芳香组4 d干预1次,每次2~3μL的栀子花精油熏香干预2 h;正常组和模型组小鼠不做干预,180 d后测定体质量;脂肪测量仪测定脂肪和肌肉含量;转棒实验检测运动耐力;旷场实验检测活动、探索能力和焦虑情绪;双光子荧光显微镜检测后肢毛细血管血流速度。结果与正常组相比,模型组小鼠的体质量和脂肪含量明显增加(P<0.05),在旷场中间区域的运动距离和后肢血流速度均明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,芳香组小鼠的体质量明显降低(P<0.05),在旷场中间区域的运动距离和时间均显明显增加(P<0.05);芳香干预后,脂肪含量有降低的趋势,运动耐力和后肢毛细血管血流速度均有增加的趋势。结论栀子花精油芳香疗法可以降低APP/PS1小鼠的体质量和焦虑情绪,增加其探索能力,并且具有抑制脂肪积累、改善APP/PS1小鼠运动耐力和后肢血流速度的趋势。栀子花精油芳香疗法有望成为改善AD早期症状的辅助疗法。

Objective To observe the effects of gardenia essential oil aroma therapy on the exercise capacity and anxiety of dual transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease(APP/PS1)mice.Methods The mice were divided into three groups:normal group(6 litter mate wild type mice,male),model group and aroma group(5 APP/PS1 mice in each group,male).Aroma intervention was performed once every 4 days,2-3μL of gardenia essential oil each time for 2 hours only to aroma group.No intervention was administered in the normal and model groups.The body weight was measured after 180 days;the fat and muscle content were measured with a fat meter;rotating rod was used to detect exercise endurance;open field test was used to detect activity,exploration ability and anxiety;two-photon fluorescence microscopy was used to detect capillary blood flow velocity in the hind limbs.Results Compared with the normal group,the body weight and fat content of the mice in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01 and P<0.05);the movement distance in the center of the open field and the capillary blood flow velocity in hind limbs of the mice in the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 and P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the body weight of the mice in the aroma group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the movement distance and time in the center of the open field in the aroma group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 and P<0.05).After aroma intervention,the fat content tended to decrease;the exercise endurance and capillary blood flow velocity in hind limbs tended to increase.Conclusions Gardenia essential oil aromatherapy can reduce the body weight and anxiety of APP/PS1 mice,and increase their exploration ability,and it tends to inhibit fat gain,increase exercise endurance and blood flow in APP/PS1 mice.Aromatherapy could be considered as adjuvant therapy to improve early symptoms of AD.