植物细胞质雄性不育与线粒体

Cytoplasmic Male Sterility(CMS)and Mitochondria in Plants

细胞质雄性不育(cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)是由于核基因组与细胞质基因组之间不协调互作导致的一种雄性器官异常而雌器官可以接受外来花粉正常结实的自然现象。在生产上,CMS是植物杂交制种的有力工具和杂种优势利用的重要途径。对CMS分子机制的解析是其有效利用的基础,一直以来都是研究的热点,然而其机制研究却相对滞后。该文从线粒体嵌合基因(orfs)形成、特征及分类,基因转录后修饰(RNA编辑)的特点及与CMS的关系,基因翻译产物特征、分类及其与CMS的关系等3个方面综述了近年来植物胞质雄性不育的机制研究进展,以期为进一步深入解析其分子机制提供理论参考。

Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS)is a natural phenomenon caused by the disorder interaction between the nuclear genome and the cytoplasmic genome,in which the male organs are abnormal and the female organs can accept the foreign pollen and develop.CMS is a powerful tool for plant hybrid seed production and an important way to utilize plant heterosis.Molecular mechanism of CMS,the basis of its effective use,has been a hot research,but its mechanism research is relatively lagging.In this paper,the formation,characteristics and classification of mitochondrial chimeric genes(orfs),the characteristics of post-transcriptional modifications(RNA editing),their relationship with CMS,and the characteristics and classification of gene translation products and their relationship with CMS were reviewed in order to provide theoretical reference for further analysis of its molecular mechanism.