超声引导腰丛神经阻滞技术的研究进展

Current research into the ultrasound‑guided lumbar plexus block technique

腰丛神经阻滞(lumbar plexus block,LPB)是临床最常见的下肢手术神经阻滞技术之一。文章主要对超声引导LPB方法的研究进展、优劣点和操作方法进行综述,包括超声引导“三叉戟”、“三阶梯”、“三叶草”、横突间隙旁正中、平卧位以及前路LPB技术。旨在根据不同方法及优劣点合理选择LPB,从而为临床麻醉和镇痛提供指导。LPB研究多倾向于不改变患者体位的实施方法,更有利于提高患者舒适度。

Lumbar plexus block (LPB) is one of the most common neurological block techniques in lower extremity surgery inclinic. This article mainly reviews the research advances on advantages, disadvantages and operation methods of various ultrasound-guided LPB techniques such as the trident LPB, the median transverse LPB, the shamrock LPB, the paramedian transverse LPB,supine position and anterior approach for LPB. This article aims to summarize the ultrasound-guided LPB techniques and provide guidance for clinical anesthesia and analgesia. LPB studies tend to adopt research technique that does not change the patient's position toimproving patients' comfort level.