短期主题式心理干预在HIV感染者关爱中的应用

Application of thematic psychological intervention in patients with HIV infection

目的探讨短期主题式心理干预对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者病耻感及应对方式的影响。方法选择2017年1-12月收治的HIV感染者65例为研究对象,在常规护理的基础上,联合应用短期主题式心理干预。随访3个月,比较干预前后病耻感及应对方式变化。结果随访3个月,剔除失访病例,有62例患者完成随访。随访3个月后,62例患者社会排斥、内在羞耻感、社会孤立评分分别为(20.45±3.12)、(13.12±1.54)、(17.56±3.12)分,明显低于干预前(28.45±3.56)、(17.24±2.12)、(23.54±3.20)分(P<0.05);面对评分(26.21±4.12)分,明显高于干预前(18.65±3.12)分,屈服评分(10.25±1.42)分,明显低于干预前(15.72±3.20)分(P<0.01);患者满意率为95.16%。结论短期主题式心理干预有助于缓解HIV感染者内心耻辱体验,规避屈服消极应对行为,促进积极应对方式的养成。

Objective To explore the impact of short-term thematic psychological interventions on stigma and coping styles in HIV-infected patients.Methods 65 cases of HIV-infected patients admitted from January 2017 to December 2017 were selected for the study.Short-term thematic psychological interventions were jointly applied on the basis of routine care,with follow up of the patients for 3 months to compare the changes in stigma and coping styles before and after the intervention.Results 62 patients were followed up for 3 months,excluding the dropout cases.After the 3 months,the scores of social exclusion,internal shame and social isolation were(20.45±3.12),(13.12±1.54)and(17.56±3.12),respectively,significantly lower than those before the intervention(28.45±3.56),(17.24±2.12)and 23.54±3.20(P<0.05).The confronce score(26.21±4.12)was significantly higher than that before the intervention(18.65±3.12)and the resignation score(10.25±1.42)was significantly lower than that before(15.72±3.20)(P<0.01).The satisfaction rate of the patients was 95.16%.Conclusion Short-term thematic psychological interventions can alleviate the stigma experienced by HIV-infected patients,avoid the negative coping behaviors and promote the development of positive coping styles.