女性盆底肌解剖与功能

Anatomy and function of female pelvic floor muscles

盆底功能障碍性疾病是一种多发于中老年女性的疾病,对患者的生活质量有明显影响。盆底支持结构异常是该疾病发生的主要因素。盆底肌在盆底支持结构中占主要作用,协同盆底筋膜共同构成一个紧密的盆底封闭结构。了解盆底复杂的解剖结构对临床治疗盆底功能障碍性疾病尤为关键。对盆底的解剖结构研究已发展出多个理论与学说,但尚未达成一个明确统一观点,本文主要针对盆底肌解剖、功能的研究现状及研究方向进行综述。

Pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD)is a kind of disease commonly occurring in middle-aged and elderly women.This kind of disease has a significant impact on patients'quality of life.Abnormal pelvic floor support structure is the main factor for the occurrence of this disease.Pelvic floor muscles play a major role in pelvic floor support structure.The pelvic floor muscles together with the pelvic floor fascia form a closed structure of the pelvic floor.Understanding the complex anatomy of the pelvic floor is particularly important for the clinical treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction.Many theories have been developed in the study of pelvic floor support structure,but a clear and unified viewpoint has not been reached yet.This paper mainly reviewed the status quo and research direction of the anatomy and function of pelvic floor muscles.