硫化物生物浸出过程中木质纤维素的应用现状

Application Status of Lignocellulose in Sulfide Bioleaching

生物浸出技术具有成本低、无污染、要求简单的特点,已被成功应用于很多金属硫化矿物的回收。但生物浸出速度慢、浸出率低的问题一直存在,特别是对黄铜矿。木质纤维素作为一种廉价的可再生资源,可以加速生物浸出过程。对木质纤维素在生物浸出中的应用研究进行回顾,讨论木质纤维素的硫酸水解问题,对比分析添加木质纤维素对生物浸出效率、矿物、ORP、pH、Fe^3+/Fe^2+、微生物群落等的综合影响。总结了木质纤维素促进生物浸出的机理,并讨论氰渣处理和砷固定方向的相关研究和发展趋势。

Bioleaching technology is successfully used to recover many metal sulfides based on its characteristics of low cost,pollution-free,and simple requirements.However,the problems of slow bioleaching speed and low leaching extent always exist,especially for chalcopyrite.Lignocellulose,an inexpensive renewable resource,can accelerate bioleaching process.Application research of lignocellulose in bioleaching and sulfuric acid hydrolysis of lignocelluloses were reviewed.Comprehensive effects of lignocellulose on bioleaching efficiency,minerals,ORP,pH,Fe^3+/Fe^2+,and microbial community were analyzed.Mechanism of lignocellulose promoting bioleaching is summarized,and related research and development trends of cyanide residue treatment and arsenic fixation are discussed to provide reference for related research.