社会心理风险因素对工人行为安全影响机制研究

Research on influence mechanism of PR on behavior based safety of workers

为探究不同社会心理风险(PR)因素与工人行为安全间的相互作用关系,从个体和组织层面,选取8个典型的PR因素,提出路径关系假设并构建影响机制模型;以建筑行业为例,采用Meta分析检验假设并验证该模型的正确性。结果表明:PR通过影响工人的职业心理状态间接对行为安全产生积极和消极2方面的作用;工人的职业心理因素一般划分为工作倦怠和工作投入,个体层面的工作压力、角色冲突导致工作倦怠,削弱工作投入,角色模糊削弱工作投入,自主性促进工作投入,组织层面的社会支持削弱工作倦怠,促进工作投入,人际冲突导致工作倦怠,削弱工作投入;工作倦怠不利于工人的行为安全,工作投入能帮助工人维持安全行为。

In order to explore relationship between different PR and workers’behavior based safety,eight typical risk factors were selected from individual and organizational levels,path relationship hypotheses were proposed and an impact mechanism model was put forward.Then,these hypotheses were tested and the model was verified with construction industry as an example.The results show that PR exert positive and negative influence on workers’behavior based safety indirectly by affecting their occupational psychology which generally includes work burnout and work engagement.At individual level,work stress and role conflicts lead to work burnout,and weakens work engagement which is also weakened by role ambiguity but promoted by self motivation.At organizational level,social support reduces work burnout and enhances work engagement while interpersonal conflict does the opposite by causing work burnout and reducing work engagement.Work burnout goes against workers’behavior based safety while work engagement contributes to maintaining their safe behaviors.