CRH380AL型高铁列车应急疏散及影响因素模拟研究

Simulation study on evacuation of CRH380AL high-speed train and its influencing factors

为揭示乘客携带行李行为、车厢排列布局和站台出口参数等因素对高铁列车疏散的作用,辅助高铁列车疏散安全评估与安全管理,基于PyroSim构建CRH380AL型高铁列车商务座车、一等座车、二等座车和整车车厢的物理模型和疏散模型;通过实地观测高铁列车乘客下车行为,获得乘客携带行李的时间分布特征,量化模型高铁输入参数;设计3种模拟场景,分别得到携带行李人员比例对二等车厢疏散时间、一等和二等座车厢排列对整车疏散时间以及站台出口宽度和位置对整车疏散时间的影响。结果表明:CRH380AL型列车二等座车厢疏散时间与携带行李人员比例之间呈先降后增的非线性关系;车厢排列对整车疏散时间有显著影响且存在最优车厢排列组合;超过6 m的站台出口宽度对整车疏散时间影响不大;站台出口间距对整车疏散时间影响显著且间距为200 m时,对应整车疏散时间最短。

In order to reveal impacts of factors like passengers’luggage carrying behaviors,vehicle layout arrangement and platform exit parameters on evacuation of high-speed trains so as to facilitate its evacuation safety assessment and management,a physical model and evacuation model of business-class,first-class,second-class vehicles and whole compartment for CRH380 AL were constructed based on PyroSim.Then,time distribution characteristics of passengers’luggage carrying were obtained through field observation of their alighting process,and input parameters of evacuation model were quantified.Thirdly,three simulation scenarios were designed to study influence of proportion of people with luggage on evacuation of second-class vehicle,that of first-class and second-class arrangement as well as exit width and position on evacuation of whole train.The results show that there is a nonlinear relationship,featuring decline first and then increase,between evacuation time of CRH380 AL train’s second-class vehicle and proportion of passengers with luggage.Compartment layout affects evacuation time of whole train distinctly,and there is an optimal layout arrangement.For platform exits wider than 6 m,their width has little effect on evacuation time of whole train.But platform exit interval has a significant impact on evacuation time which will be the shortest when interval is 200 m.