国外学龄前注意缺陷多动障碍儿童研究进展

A Review of Research on Preschool Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder over the Past Decade

注意缺陷多动障碍是家长和教育工作者十分关心的问题,早筛查早干预能够有效减轻ADHD儿童的症状及其伴发问题,学龄前ADHD儿童的研究具有重要意义。本文对国外近十年学龄前ADHD儿童的研究进行综述,从评估方法、研究热点以及未来发展趋势三个方面进行梳理。总体而言,国外学龄前ADHD主要采用行为评定法和神经心理学评估法进行评估;热点研究主要集中于病因研究、治疗与干预研究以及ADHD症状与儿童发展的关系三方面;未来研究可以从规范学龄前ADHD的评估工具、深化病因研究、拓宽早期干预内容的研究、细化ADHD症状与儿童发展的研究四个方面进行。

Attention deficit/Hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)has been a great concern of parents and educators.The significance of research on preschool children with ADHD lies in that early screening and intervention can effectively reduce the symptom and their concomitant problems.This paper,based on the literature over the past decade,summarized the assessment method,research hot topics and research trends of preschool children with ADHD.On the whole,behavioral assessment and neuropsychological assessment were mainly used to evaluate preschool children with ADHD,and the hot topics of research focused on etiology,treatment and intervention,as well as the relationship between ADHD symptoms and children’s development.Future research can be carried out from the four aspects:standardizing the assessment tools,deepening research on etiology,broadening research on early intervention,and refining research on ADHD symptoms and children’s development.