裸燕麦脱粒与分离装置的两种脱粒滚筒对比试验研究

Comparative experimental study on two threshing rollers of bare oats threshing and separating device

目前裸燕麦脱粒与分离装置大多采用的滚筒为钉齿式脱粒滚筒和纹杆—钉齿式脱粒滚筒,然而其作业效率以及作业质量有所不同。因此,为提高裸燕麦在收获时的作业效率,减少收获作业的总损失率、降低功率消耗、提高收获作业的质量。根据裸燕麦轴流脱粒与分离试验台,对两种脱粒滚筒在转速500 r/min、800 r/min,其他工况不变情况下进行台架试验,通过对脱粒分离试验时的功耗消耗、脱出物轴向分布情况、脱出物中总损失率以及杂余率比较分析,得出转速在500 r/min、800 r/min时,随着喂入量由1.0 kg/s升高至2.0 kg/s,钉齿式滚筒功率消耗均低于纹杆—钉齿式滚筒,最大相差9.2 kW,钉齿式滚筒总损失率均低于纹杆—钉齿式滚筒,最大时相差8%。钉齿式脱粒滚筒脱出物总质量较纹杆—钉齿式滚筒高10.23%,钉齿式脱粒元件较纹杆—钉齿式脱粒元件杂余率最大相差3.49%。因此确定钉齿式滚筒相对较优,可以减轻收获作业的清选负荷,降低作业损失,节约功耗消耗,提高燕麦收获的效率与质量。

At present,the roller of naked oat threshing and separating device is nail-toothed threshing roller and strip-nail-toothed threshing roller.Therefore,in order to improve the working efficiency of naked oats during harvesting,reduce the total loss rate,reduce power consumption and improve the quality of harvesting.According to naked oats axial flow threshing and separating test bench,in the two kinds of threshing cylinder rotation speed 500 r/min,800 r/min,the bench test under other conditions the same situation,through the power consumption of threshing separation trial,axial distribution,emerging out of the total loss rate and impurity rate comparison analysis,draw speed at 500 r/min,800 r/min,as the feed rate rise by 1.0 kg/s to 2.0 kg/s,the nail tooth cylinder power consumption are below lines-nail type roller,maximum difference of 9.2 kW,the total loss rate of the nail-toothed roller is lower than that of the rod-nail-toothed roller,with a maximum difference of 8%.The total mass of the removed material of the nail-toothed threshing drum is 10.23%higher than that of the rod-nail-toothed roller,and the maximum difference of the impurity ratio of the nail-toothed threshing element is 3.49%.Therefore,it is determined that the nailing drum is relatively better,which can reduce the cleaning load of harvesting,reduce the loss of harvesting,save power consumption,and improve the efficiency and quality of oat harvesting.