种子清选机现状浅析与发展思考

Status analysis and development of seed cleaning machine

种子是极其重要的生产资料,在农业生产中具有举足轻重的地位。种子加工是提升种子品质的关键工序和重要手段。种子加工产业链包含多个环节,种子清选是其中的关键环节,而种子清选机则是决定清选作业质量的主要因素之一。介绍种子清选机的工作原理、主要机型及应用场景。针对不同类型的种子清选机,对比国内外相关机型,分析国外种子清选机特点。分析国内设备现存主要问题为大型化设备缺乏、专用机型较少、自主创新能力弱、设备形式单一、可操控性差。并从加大大型化、专用化设备研发力度,加强产学研结合,提升设备标准化、系列化程度以及可操控性等方面提出加快我国种子清选机发展的相关建议。

Seeds are extremely important means of production and play an important role in agricultural production.Seed processing is a key process and an important means to improve seed quality.The seed processing industry chain includes multiple links.Seed separatingis the key link among them,and the seed separator is a main factor that determines the quality of the separating operation.In this paper,the working principle,main models and application scenarios of seed separator were analyzed.In view of different types of seed separator,the domestic and foreign related models were comparedandthe characteristics of foreign seed separator were analyzed.The main problems of domestic equipment were pointed out,lack of large-scale equipment,less special models,weak ability of independent innovation,single equipment form and poor maneuverability.The suggestions for speeding up the development of seed separator in China were put forward from the aspects ofincreasing the research and development of large-scale and special equipment,strengthening the combination of production,education and research,and improving the standardization and serialization of equipment and maneuverability.