中国食用菌出口贸易增长特征及动态波动研究

Research on characteristics and dynamic fluctuation of the growth of China’s edible fungi exportation

食用菌长期以来是中国农产品出口的主力军,但近年来其国际市场竞争优势有所下降。分析食用菌出口贸易增长及动态波动特征对于优化中国食用菌出口,实现食用菌产业的可持续发展有重要意义。研究从出口总量、出口产品和市场结构、出口来源地以及生产的规模化等5个方面分析食用菌2004—2018年来的出口贸易特征并借助修正的CMS模型对中国食用菌出口贸易的增长因素进行分解。实证结果表明:第一层面的结构效应是促进中国食用菌出口的主要因素。三类效应均有不同程度的波动,说明食用菌存在不确定性的发展趋势。针对中国食用菌出口贸易增长因素的分解结论,提出优化食用菌出口产品结构,实现食用菌产业的专业化分工,提高出口产品品质以及多元化食用菌出口市场结构等建议。

Edible fungus has long been the main force of China’s agricultural exports,but its competitive advantage in the international market has declined in recent years.It is of great significance to analyze the growth and dynamic fluctuation of mushroom export trade for optimizing the export of Chinese mushroom and realizing the sustainable development of mushroom industry.It was analyzed the characteristics of mushroom export trade from 2004 to 2018 from five aspects:total export volume,export products and market structure,export source and production scale,and decomposes the growth factors of Chinese mushroom export trade with the help of the modified CMS model.The empirical results showed that the first level of structural effect was the main factor to promote the export of Chinese edible fungi.The three kinds of effects fluctuated in different degrees,indicating that the development trend of edible fungi was uncertain.According to the decomposition conclusion of the growth factors of China’s mushroom export trade,it was put forward some suggestions such as optimizing the structure of mushroom export products,realizing the specialization division of mushroom industry,improving the quality of export products and diversifying the structure of mushroom export market.