深圳新冠肺炎出院病例核酸复检阳性特征分析

Characteristics of discharged coronavirus disease 2019 patients retested positive for viral nucleic acid in Shenzhen city

目的对广东省深圳市新型冠状病毒肺炎出院病例中核酸检测复检阳性的情况进行分析,为肺炎疫情防控提供数据支持。方法对出院病例按要求进行病毒核酸检测,采集2020年2月21日—4月22日的复检阳性病例,分析其流行病学特征。结果330例出院病例中共检测出复阳病例59例,复阳率17.9%。男性24例,女性35例,男女比例为0.83:1。中位年龄38岁,最小1岁,最大86岁。0~19岁,20~59岁,60岁以上分别占15.2%,71.2%,13.6%。从第1次出院至最后1次核酸检测阳性时间最长者为57天。不同年龄(Fisher精确χ^2=17.070,P=0.018)和样本类型(χ^2=26.367,P<0.001)的复阳率差异有统计学意义。性别(χ^2=0.838,P=0.360)和隔离天数(χ^2=6.292,P=0.098)差异无统计学意义。结论复阳与年龄和样本类型有关,与性别和隔离天数无关,个别病例复阳持续时间较长。

Objective To describe epidemiological characteristics of discharged coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients retested positive for viral nucleic acid in Shenzhen city and to provide evidences for prevention and control of the disease.Methods We collected the data on all COVID-19 patients retested positive for viral nucleic acid at the time of discharge during the period from February 21 to April 22,2020 in Shenzhen city and analyzed the data with descriptive statistics.Results Among a total of 330 COVID-19 patients discharged during the period,59 were retested positive for viral nucleic acid,with a cumulated rate of 17.9%.For the retested positive cases,the male to female ratio was 0.83:1(24 versus35);the age of the cases ranged 1–86 years,with a median of 38 years and the proportions of the cases aged 0–19,20–59,and≥60 were 15.2%,71.2%,and 13.6%,respectively.The longest interval from the first-time discharge to the last detection positive for viral nucleic acid was 57 days.Among the discharged cases,the rate of retested positive for viral nucleic acid differed significantly by age groups(χ^2=17.070,P=0.018)and specimen types(nasopharyngeal swab vs.anal swab:χ^2=26.367,P<0.001),but did not varied significantly by gender(χ^2=0.838,P=0.360)and quarantine days(χ^2=6.292,P=0.098)based on Fisher exact test.Conclusion Among discharged COVID-19 patients,the rate of retested positive for viral nucleic acid is related to the patients′age and specimen type but not associated with gender and quarantine days and the positivity could remain for a long time in a few of the patients.