社会健康对老年人慢性病患病影响

Impact of social health on prevalence of chronic diseases among community elderly

目的了解老年人慢性病患病现状,分析社会健康对老年人慢性病的影响,为今后老年人慢性病的健康管理提供科学依据。方法于2017年8月和2018年6月分别在浙江安吉和江苏泰兴2地,按年龄分层随机选取2628名老年人并利用《中国老年人健康评估》社会健康分量表对其进行面对面访谈,从而对老年人慢性病影响因素进行分析。结果老年人患慢性病数与城乡分布(χ^2=84.18,P<0.001)、年龄(χ^2=60.00,P<0.001)、受教育程度(χ^2=75.92,P<0.001)、60岁前所从事职业(χ^2=70.70,P<0.001)、不同养老模式(χ^2=13.31,P=0.038)和月人均收入(χ^2=54.84,P<0.001)之间的差异具有统计学意义。老年人慢性病患病数与社会适应性有关,社会适应性越高老年人患慢性病的可能性越低。结论提高老年人社会适应性,促进老年人社会健康在老年人慢性病防治中将具有一定的作用。

Objective To examine the prevalence of and the impact of social health on chronic diseases among community elderly and to provide evidences for the management of chronic diseases in the elderly.Methods We recruited 2688 residents aged 60 years and above in rural villages and urban communities in Anji city of Zhejiang province and Taixing city of Jiangsu province;then we collected relevant information of the elderly by face-to-face interviews using the Social Health Subscale of China Elderly Health Assessment to analyze the influencing factors of chronic diseases in the elderly.Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly differed significantly by residential region(the urban vs.the rural)(χ^2=84.18,P<0.001),age(χ^2=60.00,P<0.001),education level(χ^2=75.92,P<0.001),occupation before the age of 60 years(χ^2=70.70,P<0.001),pension pattern(χ^2=13.31,P=0.038),and monthly family income per capita(χ^2=54.84,P<0.001)and the prevalence was reversely correlated with social adaptability of the elderly.Conclusion Improving social adaptability and promoting social health of the elderly could play an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases among the elderly.