妊娠期糖尿病生活方式干预研究进展

Advances in researches on adverse effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on mother and child and lifestyle intervention

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是妊娠期首次发生或发现的血糖异常,是妊娠期常见并发症之一。GDM不但会对围产期母儿产生影响,而且会对母儿产生长期影响。各指南建议,GDM治疗策略应首选饮食和生活方式干预。本文综述了当前针对GDM开展的各种生活方式干预的研究进展,认为对GDM女性实施生活方式干预,尤其是联合生活方式干预,将带来一定的健康收益;但证据受到当前的试验研究数量少、样本量小和方法学质量变异较大的限制,将来需要更多的随机对照试验评价生活方式干预对GDM女性及其子代的影响,尤其是长期影响。

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset of or first recognition during pregnancy.It is one of the common complications during pregnancy.GDM has adverse effects on women and their offspring,including not only short-term impacts,but also long-term effects.Guidelines recommend that dietary and lifestyle interventions should be the preferred GDM treatment strategies.We reviewed current research progress on various lifestyle interventions for GDM,and suggested that the implementation of lifestyle interventions for GDM women,especially the joint lifestyle interventions,would bring certain health benefits.However,the evidences were limited by insufficient number of current randomized controlled trials,small sample size and large variation of methodological quality.More randomized controlled trials with high quality in the future will be needed to evaluate the effects of lifestyle interventions on GDM women and their offspring,especially the long-term effects.