汉藏佛教的交流与融合:汉藏罗汉名号解析

A Case of the Mutual Influence of the Han-Tibetan Buddhism:An Analysis of the Names of the Arhats/Sthaviras

罗汉是最能反映汉、藏佛教交流与融合的一个题材。在从事罗汉的研究时,首先会遇到各种不同的罗汉汉、藏译名。汉地罗汉名号一般依据唐代玄奘译《法住记》所记。藏文文献中关于罗汉有众多的供养法、礼拜仪轨、传记故事等,是对汉文译典的重要补充,其中出现不同的藏译名号也可以与玄奘的汉译名进行很好的对勘研究,从而厘清玄奘译名中来历不详的名号。汉藏罗汉名号之间的共同点和差异处反映了两种佛教传统的深厚渊源和彼此交融。

The names of the Arhats/Sthaviras are a typical case which reveals the mutual influences of the Han and Tibetan Buddhism.The Han names of the sixteen Arhats are generally based on a scripture translated by Xu⁃anzang in the Tang dynasty.There are lots of Tibetan texts in variety about the methods of offering and worship⁃ping Arhats and their biographies,which are important complements to the Han-Chinese materials of Arhats.The different Tibetan names of the sixteen Arhats can also be compared with the Han names of them,which is helpful to illustrate the origin of these names especially for those with an obscure origin.The similarities and dif⁃ferences between the Han and Tibetan names of the Arhats or Sthaviras reflect the mutual communication and deep interaction between the Han and Tibetan Buddhism.