基于健康生态学模型糖尿病足病人的自我管理行为

SELF-MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT BASED ON HEALTH ECOLOGICAL MODEL

目的基于健康生态学模型(HEM)分析影响糖尿病足病人自我管理行为的因素。方法根据HEM个人特质、行为特点、人际网络、生活和工作条件及政策环境等5个层面,应用一般资料调查表、糖尿病足病人自我管理行为量表、社会支持评定量表、糖尿病问题量表、糖尿病病人自我效能量表和糖尿病足知识问卷,对203例住院糖尿病足病人自我管理行为进行横断面调查分析。结果 糖尿病足病人自我管理行为处于中等水平。分层回归分析显示,性别(t=1.981)、糖化血红蛋白(t=-3.353)、家族史(t=-2.017)、吸烟情况(t=-2.602)、糖尿病足知识(t=2.180)、糖尿病问题(t=-3.220)、子女个数(t=-4.345)、社会支持(t=3.195)、工作情况(t=2.380)等是糖尿病足病人自我管理行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 基于HEM方法能全面地分析糖尿病足病人的自我管理行为。

ObjectiveTo identify the factors that influence the self-management of patients with diabetic foot(DF)based on the health ecological model(HEM).MethodsWith the general information questionnaire,Self-management Behavior Scale for Patients with DF,Social Support Rating Scale,Problem Areas in Diabetes(PAID)Scale,Self-efficacy Scale for Diabetes Patients,and Diabetic Foot Knowledge Questionnaire,a cross-sectional study that included a total of 203 patients with DF was conducted based on the five dimensions of HEM:personal characteristics,behavioral characteristics,interpersonal network,living and working conditions,and policy environment.ResultsThe self-management of patients with DF was at a moderate level.Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the self-management of patients with DF included gender(t=1.981),glycosylated hemoglobin(t=-3.353),family history(t=-2.017),smoking status(t=-2.602),PAID(t=-3.220),know-ledge of diabetic foot(t=2.180),number of children(t=-4.345),work status(t=2.380),and social support(t=3.195)(all P<0.05).ConclusionThe self-management of patients with DF can be comprehensively analyzed based on the HEM.