安宁市计划烧除点烧区域遴选研究

Study on reconnaissance of prescribed burning in Anning City

选取地形、植被类型和居民点为影响因子,运用软件ArcGIS 10.3对安宁市进行火险等级区域划分;并基于火险等级,结合河流、道路和灭火力量距离展开安宁市计划烧除点烧区域遴选研究。研究表明:安宁市火险等级Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ区域面积分别占安宁市总面积的41.75%、3.6%、19.66%、4.53%、31.46%,高火险等级以上区域所占比重较大,是极容易发生森林火灾的地区;低火险等级以下区域主要分布在河流分布区域、难燃树种分布区域、居民点稀疏区域,集中于安宁市北部;高火险等级以上区域主要集中于易燃树种、海拔低于2000 m以及人口密集的区域,集中于安宁市南部;安宁市计划烧除点烧序列等级Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ区域面积分别占安宁市总面积的31.46%、4.53%、19.66%、3.6%、41.75%;优先点烧南部区域,其次点烧西北区域,再次为东部区域,最后点烧其他低火险区域。研究结果为我国西南林区森林防火、计划烧除工作提供技术性支持。

Terrain,vegetation type and residential area are selected as influencing factors.The ArcGIS10.3 software is used to classify fire risk levels in Anning city.Based on the level of fire risk,prescribed burning reconnaissance in Anning city is researched in consideration of river,transportation and the distance from firefighting forces.The research shows that Anning city is divided into five fire risk levels,namely,lower risk level,low-risk level,high-risk level,higher risk level,and extremely high-risk level,accounting for 41.75%,3.6%,19.66%,4.53%,and 31.46%of the total area of Anning city respectively.Areas with the high fire risk level and above account for a large proportion and are highly prone to forest fires.The areas below the low-risk level are mainly distributed in river distribution areas,inflammable tree species distribution areas,and sparsely populated areas,which are concentrated in the north of Anning city.The areas above the high risk level are mainly distributed in flammable tree species distribution areas,areas with an altitude below 2000 m and densely populated areas,mainly in the south of Anning city.The ignition priority for prescribed burning in Anning are highest risk areas,higher risk areas,high-risk areas,low-risk areas and lower risk areas successively,occupying 31.46%,4.53%,19.66%,3.6%,41.75%of the total area of Anning city respectively.The priority is to burn the southern region,then the northwest region,then the eastern region,and finally other areas.The research results are able to provide technical support for forest fire prevention and prescribed burning of other areas in southwest China.