墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians concentricus)选育系F7在广西北部湾海域的生长比较研究

COMPARISON IN GROWTH OF F7 GENERATION OF ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS CONCENTRICUS IN BEIBU GULF,GUANGXI,CHINA

本实验于2014年9月—2015年6月选用同一批次的墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7和对照系贝苗,在广西北部湾海域进行生长对比养殖实验。将出池稚贝在海上保苗过渡,长至10mm进入中培期,长至30mm进入养成期,再投放到广西北海、钦州、防城港3个养殖海域,采用网笼吊养方式养殖,对各时期的墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7和对照系的生长性能及在3个海域生长进行评估。结果表明,墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7的各生长指标都优于同日龄对照系(P<0.05)。在北海海域,选育系和对照系的壳长、壳宽、壳高、体质量、软体质量、肉柱重等各生长指标具有显著差异(P<0.05);在钦州海域,选育系和对照系的以上各生长指标都具有显著差异(P<0.05),但233日龄除外;在防城港海域,232日龄的选育系和对照系的壳长、壳高差异显著(P<0.05)。在150日龄,墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7的壳长、壳高表现为北海>钦州>防城港,墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7的壳宽、体质量、肉柱重表现为北海>防城港>钦州。水质测量结果显示,北海的盐度、温度、pH、溶解氧的变化最为稳定,钦州、防城港的水质变化较大。浮游植物统计分析结果表明,浮游植物藻属的种类从大到小依次为钦州>北海>防城港,而浮游植物数量从大到小依次为北海>防城港>钦州。墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7的生长性状明显高于对照系,以北海生长最为突出,具有明显的生长优势和发展潜力。研究结果为墨西哥湾扇贝选育系F7在广西北部湾的推广养殖及进一步选育提供基础资料。

The F7 generation and control line scallop seedlings of Argopecten irradians concentricus were selected for a comparative cultivation experiments that was conducted from September 2014 to June 2015 in Beibu Gulf of Guangxi.Juveniles were transferred from pond to sea for adaption.They grew to 10mm in body length,they entered the nursery cultivation period.Once they grew to 30mm in body length,they entered the cultivation period,and put into three breeding sea areas in net cage in Beihai,Qinzhou,and Fangchenggang in Guangxi,respectively.The growth traits in the three sea areas of the F7 generation and control line of A.irradians concentricus were evaluated in all stages.Results showed that the growth indexes of the F7 generation were better than those of the same day control line(P<0.05).The shell length,shell width,shell height,body weight,soft tissue weight,and adductor weight of the selective line were significantly different from those of the control line in Beihai sea area(P<0.05),the same in Qinzhou sea area except for the 233-day-old ones,and in Fangchenggang for those at 232 days of age.On Day 150,the shell length and height of the selective line were in the order of Beihai>Qinzhou>Fangchenggang,and the shell width,body weight,and adductor weight of the selective line were Beihai>Fangchenggang>Qinzhou.Water quality measurement results show that the salinity,temperature,pH,and dissolved oxygen were the most stable in Beihai areas,and the water quality in Qinzhou and Fangchenggang areas varied greatly.Statistical analysis results show that the species number of phytoplankton algae was Qinzhou>Beihai>Fangchenggang,and the phytoplankton quantity was Beihai>Fangchenggang>Qinzhou.The growth traits of the F7 generation of A.irradians concentricus were significantly higher than those of the control line,and had the most prominent growth in Beihai areas.Therefore,the F7 generation of A.irradians concentricus had obvious growth advantages and development potential.The results provide basic data for the further breeding of the F7 generation of A.irradians concentricus in Beibu Gulf,Guangxi.