氢氧化钠法对聚酯纤维/氨纶混纺织物的定量分析研究

Research on quantitative analysis of polyester fiber/spandex blended fabric by sodium hydroxide method

针对聚酯纤维/氨纶混纺织物的定量分析,目前常用的方法主要有手工拆分法、二甲基甲酰胺法和80%硫酸法3种。区别于前3种方法,尝试采用氢氧化钠溶液对聚酯纤维/氨纶混纺织物进行定量分析,认为在90~95℃的水浴条件下,采用质量分数为40%的氢氧化钠溶液,振荡处理30min,聚酯纤维可完全溶解于强碱溶液中。该非标方法实验结果重现性好,操作安全简单,尤其解决了特殊织造产品——难以手工拆分出氨纶的聚酯纤维/氨纶混纺织物如蕾丝花边产品、经编产品、纬编产品等的定量分析问题。此外,对于深色样品,化学溶解法因染料因素存在、氨纶含量低,误差大。对比上述4种方法发现,氢氧化钠法与手工拆分法之间的实验误差值最小。

For the quantitative analysis of polyester fiber/spandex blended fabric,currently,there are three kinds of the common methods mainly including the manual separation method,dimethylformamide method and 80% sulfuric acid method.Difference from the former three kinds of methods,the quantitative analysis of the polyester fiber/spandex blended fabric with sodium hydroxide solution was attempted.It is considered that the polyester fiber can be completely dissolved in the strong alkali solution under the water bath condition of 90~95℃,using the sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 40%,and oscillating treatment for 30min.The experimental result of the non-standard method has good reproducibility,the operation is safe and simple,and especially the problem of quantitative analysis of special weaving products—polyester fiber/spandex blended fabrics difficultly manually separating spandex,such as lace product,warp knitting product,weft knitting product and so on was solved.In addition,for the dark samples,the chemical dissolution method has a large error due to the presence of dye factor and a low content of spandex.By comparing the above four methods,it is found that the experimental error value between the sodium hydroxide method and the manual separation method is the minimum.